Citation

Xuefeng, Liang and Ibrahim, Mohd Nurul Hafiz and Alobaedy, Mustafa Muwafak and Goyal, S. B. (2025) Systematic Review of Scalable Blockchain-Based Digital Signature Frameworks for Healthcare Data Security. Journal of Computers, Mechanical and Management, 4 (6). pp. 16-29. ISSN 3009-075X

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Abstract

This is the first PRISMA-guided systematic review of scalable blockchain digital signatures for healthcare, synthesizing evidence from 85 peer-reviewed studies published between 2015 and 2024. The review examines five thematic areas: digital signatures, consensus mechanisms, smart contracts, hybrid blockchain architectures, and regulatory compliance. Particular emphasis is placed on scalability challenges and the role of alternative consensus protocols, such as Proof-of-Stake and Delegated Proof-of-Authority (DPoA), in addressing the energy and latency limitations of Proof-of-Work (PoW). Findings highlight the value of smart contracts in automating consent and authentication processes, while hybrid blockchain models are shown to strike a balance between security and scalability. The synthesis also identifies persistent challenges, including interoperability with legacy systems, energy consumption, and compliance with GDPR and HIPAA regulations. Importantly, emerging approaches such as Layer-2 scaling, AI-enhanced validation, and post-quantum cryptography are highlighted as promising directions for future development. By integrating technical and regulatory perspectives, this review contributes a critical roadmap for researchers, healthcare providers, and system architects seeking secure, efficient, and regulation-compliant blockchain frameworks.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Blockchain
Subjects:	Q Science > QA Mathematics > QA71-90 Instruments and machines > QA75.5-76.95 Electronic computers. Computer science
Divisions:	Faculty of Computing and Informatics (FCI)
Depositing User:	Ms Rosnani Abd Wahab
Date Deposited:	17 Apr 2026 07:40
Last Modified:	17 Apr 2026 07:40
URII:	http://shdl.mmu.edu.my/id/eprint/15716

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