Citation

Al-Mulali, Usama and Ozturk, Ilhan (2019) Investigating the Trans-boundary of Air Pollution Between the BRICS and Its Neighboring Countries: An Empirical Analysis. In: Energy and Environmental Strategies in the Era of Globalization. Springer Verlag, Green Energy and Technology, pp. 35-59. ISBN 978-3-030-06001-5

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Abstract

This study investigates whether air pollution from the BRICS countries influences air pollution of their neighboring countries for the period of 1990–2013. To realize the aim of this study, five panel models were established by utilizing CO2 emissions of each of the BRICS neighboring countries as the dependent variable and gross domestic product (GDP), electricity consumption, trade openness, urbanization, and CO2 emissions of the BRICS countries as the independent variables. Based on the Kao cointegration test results, the variables in each of the five models were cointegrated and indicating the existence of a long-run relationship. Moreover, the panel fully modified ordinary least square also revealed that electricity consumption, GDP growth, trade openness, urbanization, and CO2 emissions of the BRICS countries increase CO2 emissions of their neighboring countries in the long run. In addition, the VECM Granger causality results show the existence of a number of causal relationships between CO2 emissions of the BRICS countries and their neighboring countries’ CO2 emissions, electricity consumption, GDP growth, trade openness, and urbanization. Based on the results obtained, a number of policy recommendations are provided for the investigated countries.

Item Type:	Book Section
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Air pollution
Subjects:	H Social Sciences > HC Economic History and Conditions > HC79 Special Topics. Including air pollution, automation, consumer demand, famines, flow of funds, etc.
Divisions:	Faculty of Business (FOB)
Depositing User:	Ms Suzilawati Abu Samah
Date Deposited:	08 Feb 2022 03:10
Last Modified:	08 Feb 2022 03:10
URII:	http://shdl.mmu.edu.my/id/eprint/9070

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