Citation

A. AlJuhani, Haneen Radi and Lim, Siow Chun and Mohammed Haram, Mohammed Hussein Saleh Mohammed and How, Lee Yuen and Vaithilingam, Chockalingam Aravind and Ab. Aziz, Nur Fadilah (2026) Preliminary Planning Assessment of Rooftop Photovoltaics for Supporting Electric-Vehicle Charging at Petrol Stations in Saudi Arabia. World Electric Vehicle Journal, 17 (8). p. 426. ISSN 2032-6653

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Abstract

Saudi Arabia’s transition towards electric mobility requires scalable charging infrastructure that can reduce dependence on grid-supplied energy and support national sustainability objectives. This study presents a preliminary planning assessment of petrol-station rooftops in Riyadh and Jeddah for photovoltaic (PV)-supported electric vehicle charging. Gross rooftop areas were measured for an exploratory, non-probability sample of 30 petrol stations—20 in Riyadh and 10 in Jeddah—using Google Earth Pro. A retained aggregate PVsyst output was used as a historical technical reference, while HelioScope was used only for preliminary layout visualisation. The retained 5.968 GWh/year PVsyst result cannot be independently reproduced from the materials currently available to the authors because the complete station-level project files and meteorological inputs were not preserved. A low–central–high scenario framework accounts for usable rooftop fractions of 70–90%, irradiance multipliers and combined operational-retention assumptions. The assumption-based scenarios produce 3.572–5.640 GWh/year, with a central value of 4.536 GWh/year. The 25, 40, and 60 kWh charging cases are defined as battery-side energy delivered per session and, after applying a 95% charging efficiency, correspond to approximately 71,800–172,400 energy-equivalent sessions annually under the central scenario. The PV-only economic screening gives an LCOE of USD 0.053–0.113/kWh and a simple payback period of 6.8–19.0 years under a full-self-consumption assumption; it excludes chargers, battery storage, structural reinforcement, and grid upgrades. The findings support further field investigation but do not establish complete EV-charging-infrastructure feasibility, national potential, or grid-independent operation.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	electric vehicle charging, petrol station, photovoltaic, Saudi Arabia, scenario analysis, techno-economic assessment, uncertainty
Subjects:	T Technology > TL Motor vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics > TL1-484 Motor vehicles. Cycles
Divisions:	Faculty of Artificial Intelligence & Engineering (FAIE)
Depositing User:	Ms Suzilawati Abu Samah
Date Deposited:	03 Sep 2026 02:48
Last Modified:	03 Sep 2026 02:48
URII:	http://shdl.mmu.edu.my/id/eprint/16586

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