Citation

Hasan, Md Akib and Rahman, Jurham and Ali, Nur Hasanah and Rahman, Kazi Ashikur and Hossain, Md Showkot (2026) Electric Vehicle Integration with Smart Grids: A Comprehensive Review of Renewable Energy Integration for Future V2G Systems. International Journal of Robotics and Control Systems, 6 (2). pp. 937-963. ISSN 27752658

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Abstract

This paper provides a comprehensive review of recent advancements in the interaction between electric vehicles (EVs) and smart grid systems, highlighting their potential to shape the future of intelligent and sustainable power networks. The integration of EVs into the smart grid introduces new opportunities for grid support while also presenting challenges related to infrastructure, communication, and control coordination. Following an in-depth review of modern smart metering and communication technologies, various strategies for effective EV integration are analysed. Smart charging and vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technologies are critically examined in terms of their potential benefits, technical limitations, and operational impacts on grid stability. Beyond summarizing existing approaches, this review identifies a key non-obvious conclusion that many reported V2G benefits are constrained not by converter or control capabilities, but by the misalignment between battery degradation models, user mobility assumptions, and grid-level optimization frameworks. Moreover, as renewable energy sources (RES), such as photovoltaic and wind power, achieve higher penetration levels, their inherent intermittency raises new concerns for system reliability and power quality. EVs, when properly managed, can mitigate these fluctuations through intelligent scheduling and bidirectional energy exchange, provided that realistic availability and degradation-aware coordination are incorporated. The paper also explores current research trends in renewable EV integration, identifying key challenges and open research gaps, and emphasizes the role of coordinated EV-grid integration, advanced control, and robust communication frameworks in enabling the large-scale deployment of V2G systems in future smart and resilient power networks.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Electric vehicle
Subjects:	T Technology > TL Motor vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics > TL1-484 Motor vehicles. Cycles
Divisions:	Faculty of Engineering and Technology (FET)
Depositing User:	Ms Rosnani Abd Wahab
Date Deposited:	03 Jul 2026 06:34
Last Modified:	03 Jul 2026 06:34
URII:	http://shdl.mmu.edu.my/id/eprint/16205

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