Citation

Sarker, Md Tanjil and Sadeque, Md. Golam and Qwaid, Marran Al and Alam Siddiquee, Kazy Noor e and Abdul Karim, Hezerul (2026) Modeling and performance evaluation of hybrid SLB-PV systems for sustainable telecom tower power supply in Bangladesh. Energy Reports, 15. p. 109182. ISSN 2352-4847

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Abstract

Telecom towers in Bangladesh face persistent power reliability challenges due to frequent grid outages and heavy dependence on diesel generators, resulting in high operating costs and carbon emissions. This study presents the modeling and performance evaluation of a hybrid photovoltaic–second-life battery energy storage system (SLB–PV) for sustainable base transceiver station (BTS) power supply. Repurposed Nissan Leaf ZE0 battery modules were experimentally characterized using an Arbin Battery Tester to determine capacity, state-of-health (SoH), and degradation behavior, and subsequently integrated into system modeling. A representative rural BTS site in Rangpur, Bangladesh, with a daily load of approximately 40 kWh, was analyzed using a multi-tool framework combining HOMER Pro, MATLAB Simulink, and PVsyst. Results show that a 10 kWp PV array coupled with 238 SLB modules (7S×34 P) can achieve telecom-grade reliability with system availability exceeding 99.9% while eliminating routine diesel generator operation. PV supplies approximately 48–52% of annual energy demand, and the SLBESS operates at an average of 1.4 equivalent cycles per day within a controlled 20–80% state-of-charge window, yielding a projected battery lifetime of 5–7 years. The hybrid system reduces diesel consumption by approximately 85% and lowers lifecycle CO₂ emissions by 55–65% compared to conventional diesel-only configurations. These findings confirm that hybrid SLB–PV systems provide a costeffective, reliable, and environmentally sustainable alternative for telecom tower power supply in Bangladesh, while supporting circular economy objectives through extended battery reuse.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Power supply
Subjects:	T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK7800-8360 Electronics
Divisions:	Faculty of Artificial Intelligence & Engineering (FAIE)
Depositing User:	Ms Rosnani Abd Wahab
Date Deposited:	02 Apr 2026 07:06
Last Modified:	06 Apr 2026 07:42
URII:	http://shdl.mmu.edu.my/id/eprint/15667

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