Citation

Alquhali, Abdulla Hadi Yahya (2026) Distance based Spectrum utilisation in Device-To-Device networks. PhD thesis, Multimedia University.

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Abstract

Device-to-Device (D2D) communication enables direct data transmission between nearby mobile users, thereby reducing latency and enhancing spectral efficiency by bypassing base stations. However, the proximity of transmitters causes interference, which lowers the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) and restricts data rate, spectrum efficiency, and user fairness as user density rises. Thus, maintaining quality of service (QoS) requires effective spectrum allocation that takes into consideration user distance and SINR dynamics. A comprehensive review of previous research on D2D communication was the first strategy, with an emphasis on power control, interference management, and resource allocation optimization strategies used in 5G and beyond networks. In the system design, two scenario strategies are employed to assess D2D performance, such as a region-based allocation (RBA) with fixed inner and outer zones, and a distance-based resource allocation (DBRA) that establishes D2D links within 10 m and reuses spectrum for users at least 50 m apart. The RBA scheme in Scenario 1 only works well at low densities, with 40–50 users; as demand rises, it rapidly deteriorates. When the system reaches approximately 300 users, it becomes completely congested, with an outage probability approaching 100% and a significant drop in throughput resulting from intense interference and scarce resources. The significance of distance-aware and SINR-sensitive allocation is highlighted by simulation results that demonstrate that DBRA in scenario 2 achieves a sum rate up to 75% higher, a 50% lower outage probability, and improved spectrum utilization and fairness. To further enhance performance, the Particle Swarm Optimization MultiObjective Enhanced Dynamic Resource Allocation (PSO-MO-EDRA) framework is introduced, integrating SINR-aware initialization, distance-based adaptive power control, and a multi-objective fitness function with penalty constraints to ensure balanced QoS and connectivity. The proposed system outperforms benchmark methods by incorporating realistic factors, such as multi-cell interference, user mobility (Random Waypoint), Rayleigh fading, and user mobility under 3GPP-defined SINR thresholds. It achieves a 50% higher sum rate, a 75% lower outage probability, a 15% greater spectrum efficiency, and a 17.3% better resource allocation fairness. In dense 5G and beyond networks, PSO-MO-EDRA offers a scalable, low-complexity, and interference-resilient solution for effective D2D resource management.

Item Type:	Thesis (PhD)
Additional Information:	Call No.: TK5103.25 .A47 2026
Uncontrolled Keywords:	5G mobile communication systems
Subjects:	T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK5101-6720 Telecommunication. Including telegraphy, telephone, radio, radar, television
Divisions:	Faculty of Artificial Intelligence & Engineering (FAIE)
Depositing User:	Ms Nurul Iqtiani Ahmad
Date Deposited:	19 Oct 2026 03:40
Last Modified:	19 Oct 2026 03:40
URII:	http://shdl.mmu.edu.my/id/eprint/16921

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