Citation

Shannaq, Boumedyen and AlMaqbali, Said and Ali, Oualid (2026) Measuring Perceived Pedagogical Intelligence as a Predictor of ROI in AI-Enabled Distance Learning: A UTAUT Outcome Model. In: 2026 ASU International Conference in Emerging Technologies for Sustainability and Intelligent Systems, ICETSIS 2026, 6 May 2026 - 7 May 2026, Manama.

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Abstract

Universities increasingly invest in AI-enabled distance learning systems; however, there is an almost palpably little empirical data on how AI implementation is related to institutional return on investment (ROI). To fill this gap, the current research paper expands the UTAUT-Outcome model by adding a new element, the Perceived Pedagogical Intelligence (PPI) construct, as well as a strategic outcome measure, the Perceived Institutional ROI (PROI). The results are achieved by using a quantitative survey of 773 higher education faculty and staff, and SEM-PLS, and reveal that significant explanatory power (R 2 = 0.679 BI; R 2 = 0.588 PROI). PPI has a high predictive power on Performance Expectancy (β = 0.662, p < 0.001), whereas Usage Behavior has a significant direct impact on PROI ( 0.618, p =.001). The BI to UB to PROI chain of mediation is of high importance ( 0.471, p <0.001), thus confirming the fact that the institutional value is operationalized via learning behavior. The diagnostics of the model show that it fits excellently (SRMR = 0.049). The gap that exists between micro-level AI acceptance and macro-level strategic value impression not only enriches the UTAUT paradigm as an aspect of usage behavior, but also provides a groundbreaking ROIbased assessment paradigm of AI-based transformation in higher education.

Item Type:	Conference or Workshop Item (Paper)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	AI-enabled distance learning
Subjects:	L Education > LB Theory and practice of education > LB1060 Learning
Divisions:	Faculty of Business (FOB)
Depositing User:	Ms Rosnani Abd Wahab
Date Deposited:	04 Aug 2026 04:19
Last Modified:	04 Aug 2026 04:19
URII:	http://shdl.mmu.edu.my/id/eprint/16482

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