Citation

Adnan, Amira Shazlin and Che Ani, Adi Irfan and Mohd Pahroraji, Mohamad Ezad Hafez and Wahi, Noraziah and Ayob, Mohd Asraf (2026) Evaluating The Influence of Building Typologies and Attributes on Outdoor Thermal Comfort in Urban Environments. Journal of Engineering Technology and Applied Physics, 8 (1). p. 124. ISSN 2682-8383

Text View of Evaluating The Influence of Building Typologies and Attributes on Outdoor Thermal Comfort in Urban Environments.pdf - Published Version Restricted to Repository staff only Download (4MB)

Abstract

The variation in urban microclimate is closely related to the building'sphysical attributes,including building height, material composition, building condition, building size, building morphology,and building type. Changes in microclimate due to the continuous expansion of urban buildings have a significant impact on the health and comfort level of urban residents. Thus, it is necessary to understand the influence of built environment factors towards outdoor thermal comfort, particularly in tropical cities like Kuching, Sarawak. This study investigates the interplay between building typologies and microclimatic factors in Kuching, Sarawak, focusing on residential, commercial, office and educational buildings. Field measurements of air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and heat index were conducted over more thanseven consecutive days in April 2024 using handheld environmental meters. The measurement was recorded every two hours per day at sixteen (16) static points across different typesof buildings. The data were collected manually with the sensor positioned at a height of approximately 1.5 m above ground level, taking into account the average breathing zone height of astanding adult. Additional data,including human activities around each study area,were also recorded to account for the influence of these factors on the microclimate. Following the confirmation of non-normality in the dataset through a Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, a Kruskal-Wallis test was performed. The results reveal that wind speed and relative humidity vary significantly among building types (p < 0.05), whereas air temperature and heat index show aconsistent statistical pattern. In the analysis, commercial areas showed the highest wind speeds, while residential areasrecorded the highest relative humidity. Therefore, the result clearly underscored that the importance of building types, spatial design, materials, and methods influencesoutdoor thermal comfort.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Building heat indicators
Subjects:	T Technology > TH Building construction > TH1000-1725 Systems of building construction Including fireproof construction, concrete construction
Depositing User:	Ms Rosnani Abd Wahab
Date Deposited:	09 Jul 2026 04:22
Last Modified:	09 Jul 2026 04:22
URII:	http://shdl.mmu.edu.my/id/eprint/16358

Downloads

Edit (login required)