Citation

Wali, Qamar and Ar Rabbani, Nahin and Afrin, Sadia and Lee, It Ee and Khan, Muhammad Yar (2026) Advances in electron and hole transport layers-free perovskite solar cells. Engineering Research Express, 8 (7). 072301. ISSN 2631-8695

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Abstract

Perovskite solar cells(PSCs)represent a transformative photovoltaic technology, yet their commercialization is hindered by the complexity associatedwith charge transport layersi.e., electron transport layer(ETL) and hole transport layer(HTL). Thisreviewfocuses on the significant progress made in simplifying PSCarchitecture by eliminating the ETL and HTL. The removal of these layers directly addresses key manufacturing hurdles, offering a route to reduced production costs, streamlined fabrication, and potentially enhanced stability. The efficienciesfor ETL-free and HTLfree PSCs are becoming increasinglywith recently reported over 22%. The overcoming of interfacial recombination losses and ensuring robust operationalstability are the foremost challengesthatwill define the future research and development of charge transport layersfree perovskite photovoltaics. We have further examined the role of compositional engineering, interface modification, and novel deposition techniquesin enabling high performance and stability in transport-layer-free PSCs.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Perovskite
Subjects:	Q Science > QE Geology
Divisions:	Faculty of Artificial Intelligence & Engineering (FAIE)
Depositing User:	Ms Rosnani Abd Wahab
Date Deposited:	04 May 2026 01:43
Last Modified:	07 May 2026 07:59
URII:	http://shdl.mmu.edu.my/id/eprint/15815

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