Citation

Nayyef, Nawres A. and Tan, Kim Geok and Keriee, Hussam H. and Zakaria, Zahriladha Z. and Hossain, Ferdous (2025) Design of a Hybrid Coupler: SIW for Ka-Band Applications. International Journal on Communications Antenna and Propagation (IRECAP), 15 (4). p. 184. ISSN 2039-5086

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Abstract

This study presents the design, simulation, and experimental validation of a highfrequency hybrid coupler employing Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) technology, targeting operation at 26 GHz and 28 GHz within the Ka-band spectrum. Conventional planar structures at millimetre-wave frequencies often exhibit substantial insertion losses due to their limited confinement and the reduced wavelength. To mitigate these limitations, a coupler architecture based on the direct coupling vias technique is introduced. The proposed structure integrates two rows of metallized via holes along the SIW’s narrow wall, with a strategically engineered aperture enabling controlled electromagnetic coupling between adjacent waveguides. This configuration offers enhanced control over both the coupling coefficient and the phase difference between output ports. The design was rigorously analysed using CST Microwave Studio and subsequently fabricated using metal additive manufacturing techniques. Measured results demonstrate reflection and isolation levels below –20 dB, transmission coefficients between –2.9 dB and –3.6 dB, and an output phase imbalance of approximately –87.2°, confirming the design’s efficacy. The proposed SIW-based hybrid coupler exhibits strong potential for integration in high-performance Ka-band systems, including next-generation satellite communications and radar applications.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Direct coupling, hybrid coupler
Subjects:	T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK5101-6720 Telecommunication. Including telegraphy, telephone, radio, radar, television
Divisions:	Faculty of Engineering and Technology (FET)
Depositing User:	Ms Rosnani Abd Wahab
Date Deposited:	17 Apr 2026 08:22
Last Modified:	17 Apr 2026 08:22
URII:	http://shdl.mmu.edu.my/id/eprint/15722

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