Citation

Wong, Shin Yi and Mohamed, Nur Syarafina and Zullpakkal, Norhaslinda (2025) Implementation of Conjugate Gradient Method for Estimating Inflation Rate in Malaysia. Journal of Informatics and Web Engineering, 4 (3). pp. 454-468. ISSN 2821-370X

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Abstract

Optimisation methods are valuable for making decisions and identifying the most suitable alternative based on a given objective function. One of the mathematical optimisation methods is Conjugate Gradient (CG) method which is commonly used to solve large-scale unconstrained optimisation systems with less storage space. Recently, various optimisation methods have been studied and used in economics estimating. However, just a few studies have predicted inflation rate using modified CG method. Random initial points are tested on New Three-Terms (NTT)which are modified Rivaie-Mustafa-Ismail-Leong (RMIL+) and Umar Mustapha Waziri (UMW) CG method with ten optimisation test functions suggested by Andrei using MATLAB. NOI and CPU time obtained are compared by performance ratio of Dolan and More. NTT CG method stands out as the best performance. Data set of year 2010 until 2022 from Department of Statistics Malaysia (DOSM) is transformed into Optimisationproblems to be solved. Estimated results of Least Square Conjugate Gradient (LSCG) are based on NTT CG and LS both for linear and quadratic models. Relative errors for LSCG, Least Square (LS) and Trendline Method are calculated. Linear LS is shown as he most suitable to estimator in inflation rate in Malaysia as it yields the least relative error compatible with the linear LSCG and Trendline Method that produce similar relative error in estimating inflation rate in Malaysia.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Three-terms conjugate gradient method, inflation rate.
Subjects:	Q Science > QA Mathematics
Depositing User:	Nurin Syazwani Azmi
Date Deposited:	11 Nov 2025 01:17
Last Modified:	11 Nov 2025 01:17
URII:	http://shdl.mmu.edu.my/id/eprint/14844

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