Citation

Kharabsheh, Raha M. and Bdour, Ahmed and Chan, Kah Yoong (2025) Geospatial-Temporalanalysis Analysis Of Atmospheric Emissions From Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants Using GIS and Wind Rose Approach For Pollution Mitigation. Water Conservation and Management, 9 (3). pp. 611-618. ISSN 2523-5664

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Abstract

This study presents a comprehensive analysis of air pollutant emissions from Jordan's Al-Baqa'a and As Samra wastewater treatment plants (2018-2023), revealing critical insights into the water-air quality nexus in arid urban environments. Through integrated geospatial modeling and dispersion analysis, we demonstrate that biological treatment processes generate hazardous hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) concentrations reaching 177 ppb (17.7 times Jordan's standard), while synergistic interactions with nearby petroleum and pharmaceutical industries contribute 19-63% of ambient sulfur dioxide (SO₂) and nitrogen oxide (NO₂) loads. Recent findings identify methane (CH₄) as a previously underestimated emission component, with biogas composition averaging 62±8% CH₄ by volume and contributing 14% of facility carbon footprints (1,230 tCO₂e/yr). The research identifies distinct seasonal patterns, with summer temperatures accelerating microbial conversion rates (Q₁₀=2.3) to produce NO₂ peaks of 181 ppb-2.3 times the national limit. New VOC measurements reveal benzene levels (2.1±0.8 ppb) exceeding WHO cancer risk thresholds in 17% of samples near industrial zones. Our methodology combines high-resolution terrain modeling (30m SRTM data) with validated atmospheric simulations (COD=0.27, |FB|=0.18) to quantify exposure disparities, showing communities near WWTPs endure particulate matter concentrations 4.7 times higher than background areas. The findings inform three actionable mitigation pathways: process optimization through extended sludge retention (15.3±1.2 days) reduces H₂S by 41%, chemical scrubbers achieve 89% SO₂ removal, and IoT-enabled smart systems to cut NO₂ peaks by 33%. This work establishes wastewater infrastructure as a critical frontier for urban air quality management, providing both immediate solutions for Jordan's regulatory compliance and a transferable framework for addressing the climate-pollution nexus in water-stressed regions worldwide.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Biological treatment byproducts, H₂S air pollution, NOₓ atmospheric impact, SO₂ dispersion modeling, Wastewater treatment plant emissions
Subjects:	T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD878-894 Special types of environment Including soil pollution, air pollution, noise pollution
Divisions:	Faculty of Artificial Intelligence & Engineering (FAIE)
Depositing User:	Nor Afiqah Mohd Adnan
Date Deposited:	07 Nov 2025 06:27
Last Modified:	09 Nov 2025 22:17
URII:	http://shdl.mmu.edu.my/id/eprint/14771

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