Citation

Khalil, Muhammad Amir and Wong, Hin Yong and Islam, Md. Shabiul and Hoque, Ahasanul and Lo, Yew Chiong and Cham, Chin Leei and Alsaif, Haitham and Islam, Mohammad Tariqul (2025) A compact tri-octagonal negative indexmetamaterial sensor for liquid adulteration detection. Optics & Laser Technology, 184. p. 112499. ISSN 00303992

Text A compact tri-octagonal negative indexmetamaterial sensor for liquid adulteration detection.pdf - Published Version Restricted to Repository staff only Download (8MB)

Abstract

This paper presents a metamaterial-based liquid sensor to detect the quality of liquids. The sensor is compact, measuring 12.16 × 12.16 mm2 and operates X-band (8 to 12 GHz). The sensor performance has been evaluated using both theoretical and practical approaches. Experimental reflection coefficient values of − 42.99 dB, − 42.97 dB, and − 44.3 dB were observed for almond, mustard, and coconut oil at resonance frequencies of 10.23, 10.29, and 10.15 GHz, respectively. The simulated reflection coefficients for the oils were found to be − 43.5 dB, − 43.36 dB, and − 44.3 dB, respectively, at a resonance frequency of 10.09. The measured reflection coefficients for branded and unbranded fuel were − 42.61 dB and − 44.01 dB, respectively, at 10.25 GHz and 10.196 GHz. The dielectric constants of cotton, mustard, and almond oils were measured to be 2.36, 2.28, and 2.72, respectively. The sensor shows outstanding performance, with a Q-Factor of 350 and a sensitivity of 0.91, indicating its high quality and ability to detect accurately. The simulation and experiments’ findings confirmed the suggested sensor’s accuracy in identifying various types of liquids. This study investigates the utilization of this concept in different electrochemical sensing applications, such as the fuel, oil, and microfluidics industries, even when dealing with different sample permittivity

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Metamaterials
Subjects:	T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK7800-8360 Electronics > TK7871 Electronics--Materials
Divisions:	Faculty of Engineering (FOE)
Depositing User:	Ms Rosnani Abd Wahab
Date Deposited:	05 Mar 2025 06:09
Last Modified:	05 Mar 2025 06:09
URII:	http://shdl.mmu.edu.my/id/eprint/13554

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