Citation

Ullah, Najeeb and Islam, Mohammad Tariqul and Hoque, Ahasanul and Khalil, Muhammad Amir and Alsaif, Haitham and Soliman, Mohamed S. and Islam, Md. Shabiul (2024) High-efficient, polarization-insensitive, wide-angle, compact metamaterial energy harvester for S-band and C-band applications. Scientific Reports, 14 (1). ISSN 2045-2322

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Abstract

This article proposes a polarization-insensitive compact Metamaterial (MM) energy harvester that can be used seamlessly in the S-band and C-band frequencies. It is important to focus on the limitations of many current designs of harvesters, which need to be overcome. The existing devices are large and often operate in a single frequency band, while their Energy Harvesting (EH) efficiency is low. The proposed harvester solves these problems using smart technology, using a rectangle strip with two gaps, each containing 50 Ω resistors for efficient energy collecting. Also, four hexagonal ring resonators are embedded into the cross-dumbbell configuration, connecting them with strip lines. Smaller rectangular rings surround these hexagonal rings, each with gaps labelled g1–g4. Despite its sophisticated design, the size of this harvester is (10×10) mm2 only. This harvester operates at frequencies of 3.5GHz and 5.5 GHz, demonstrating remarkable absorption responses across varying polarizations and incident angles in both transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) modes. The simulation results indicated impressive energy harvesting efficiencies of 97% at 3.5GHz and 98% at 5.5 GHz. In addition, experiments in an anechoic chamber with a 3×3 array (30×30) mm2 were used to confirm the efficiencies empirically. The simulated and measured results showed a strong correlation, confirming the reliability of the proposed design. The proposed MM harvester is distinguished by its high efficiency, polarization-insensitive behaviour, and compactness, making it very promising for many applications in EH.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Metamaterial, Energy harvesting, Polarization-insensitive
Subjects:	T Technology > TJ Mechanical Engineering and Machinery > TJ1480-1496 Agricultural machinery. Farm machinery
Divisions:	Faculty of Engineering (FOE)
Depositing User:	Ms Nurul Iqtiani Ahmad
Date Deposited:	04 Dec 2024 02:06
Last Modified:	04 Dec 2024 02:06
URII:	http://shdl.mmu.edu.my/id/eprint/13196

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