Citation

Abd Rahman, Noor Ziela (2022) Modelling of Sub-Urban environment and Ray Tracing Algorithm for radio wave propagation in fixed wireless application. PhD thesis, Multimedia University.

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Abstract

The requirement for advanced computation-based modelling has prompted new challenges for a relevant propagation model. This work aims to perform a detailed assessment of radio wave propagation in an outdoor suburban environment based on a 3D deterministic model. A ray tracing model is developed to effectively predict the losses of the propagated radio signals that have been induced by vegetation and building constituents by deploying a microcell fixed wireless access (FWA) at 5.8 GHz. The simulations consider the directional characteristics of both line-of-sight (LOS) links with Fresnel zone clearance and LOS being obstructed by trees and buildings, whereby the transmitter and receiver are configured below the rooftop level of the surrounding buildings. In this research work, the existence of 3D buildings and trees is viewed and discretized with the aid of a 3D digital map. With the ray tracing method, the signal strength received by the receiver is then calculated. To realise an efficient RT algorithm, three acceleration strategies are adopted. The first strategy relies on an effective pre-processing propagation environment, involving only a limited area that has a significant contribution to the received signal prediction. The ray is to be launched with certain precise beam alignments. Secondly, the possible path between a transmitter and receiver is reconstructed based on an exact 2D visibility tree, reducing the complexity of determining the intersection of the rays. The third strategy is to restrict the order of reflections and diffraction that represent the dominant propagation mechanism. This simplification allows the radio wave to be calculated in a more efficient manner, especially as the distance of the link increases. For validation, the ray tracing simulations are compared to the measurement campaign conducted at Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, which consists of thirteen point-to-point links. Based on the comparison, it is found that individual propagation paths can be assessed accurately, with a root mean square error (RMSE) within 0.59 dB to 7.19 dB of the measured RSS for LOS with Fresnel zone clearance and LOS links with obstruction scenarios, respectively. This confirms the viability of the proposed ray tracing model for microcell radio propagation behaviours, covering plane wave propagation paths and distributed reflection and diffraction.

Item Type:	Thesis (PhD)
Additional Information:	Call No.: T385 .C44 2022
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Ray tracing algorithms
Subjects:	T Technology > T Technology (General)
Divisions:	Faculty of Engineering and Technology (FET)
Depositing User:	Ms Nurul Iqtiani Ahmad
Date Deposited:	18 Jul 2023 06:22
Last Modified:	18 Jul 2023 06:22
URII:	http://shdl.mmu.edu.my/id/eprint/11548

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